  Middle East conflict

According to defence minister Israel Katz, Israel wants to construct a massive camp for 600,000 Palestinians in the city of Rafah in southern Gaza. The aim is to physically separate Hamas fighters from the civilian population, he told journalists. A few days ago he had said that it would not be possible for them to return to northern Gaza. Commentators fear this amounts to an expulsion in violation of international law.

A fragile ceasefire between Israel and Iran has been in place since 24 June. There are contradictory statements about the damage to Iranian nuclear facilities and the whereabouts of the enriched uranium. Tehran has temporarily suspended its cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Europe's press analyses the situation.

Israel and Iran appear to be observing the ceasefire announced by Donald Trump on Tuesday after several days of the two countries exchanging rocket fire and unusually harsh criticism of their respective leaders by the US president. Europe's press comments on the display of power from Washington and discusses what should follow.

The US airforce has dropped 'bunker buster' bombs on Iranian nuclear sites. The extent of the damage inflicted is not yet clear, particularly with regard to the Fordo facility, which is surrounded by mountains. The aim of operation, which was ordered by President Donald Trump, was to incapacitate the Iranian nuclear weapons programme, whose existence Iran denies. Europe's press assesses the situation.

The Gaza aid ship Madleen was intercepted by Israeli forces on Monday morning. The Foreign Ministry in Tel Aviv described the boat as a 'selfie yacht' and explained that the activists on board, including Greta Thunberg, had been detained and deported on Tuesday. The European press criticise both the boat action plan and the reaction.

The expansion of the ground offensive in the Gaza Strip is prompting growing criticism of the Israeli military's operations. A number of people have also been killed or wounded in skirmishes at aid distribution points run by the Israeli- and US-backed Gaza Humanitarian Foundation (GHF).

On Friday, nine of a doctor's ten children were reportedly killed when her home was hit by an airstrike in the Gaza Strip. Israel's harsh military actions and the lack of food supplies and aid have already provoked growing international criticism. German Chancellor Friedrich Merz has said that acts that entail such suffering for the civilian population could no longer be justified as a fight against terrorism. Europe's media reflect on what is being said and done.

Following airstrikes last week, the Israeli military announced on Saturday that it has launched a new ground offensive in the Gaza Strip. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu had previously announced the intention of conquering and permanently occupying the area. According to Palestinian sources, dozens of people are being killed in the attacks every day.

Following the announcement of Israel's plan to conquer and permanently occupy the Gaza Strip, spokespersons for the terrorist militia group Hamas have declared that they are no longer interested in negotiating a ceasefire. Israeli army chief Eyal Zamir has announced that tens of thousands of reservists will be called up for the upcoming operations.

Israel has expanded its military offensive and declared almost all of Gaza a "combat zone". Its army hit a hospital in Gaza City again during air strikes. According to the UN, hundreds of thousands of Palestinians are being forced into an ever smaller area because Israel wants to establish so-called security zones. Europe's press is increasingly critical of the Israeli offensive that began after the Hamas terrorist attack.

After 15 medics in a convoy of ambulances were shot dead by Israeli soldiers on 23 March, Israel claimed the vehicles had been moving in a suspicious way and did not have their emergency signals on. After video footage emerged that clearly shows the ambulances had their emergency and headlights on when the shots were fired, Israel admitted its account had been mistaken. Despite lingering uncertainties, commentators are deeply unsettled by the evidence.

The Israeli military has stepped up its attacks in Gaza since the ceasefire ended. According to the Hamas-controlled authorities more than 800 people have been killed there in the last ten days. In Israel, tens of thousands have taken to the streets to protest Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's policies, while in the Gaza Strip several hundred have protested against Hamas. This conflict must not be forgotten, warns Europe's press.

Israel began carrying out air strikes in the Gaza Strip again on Tuesday night. More than 400 people have been killed so far, according to Palestinian sources. The ceasefire that has been in place since January was supposed to have entered a second, extended phase, but Israel would only agree to this if Hamas released all remaining hostages, disarmed and relinquished control of the Gaza Strip, which it has refused to do.

Donald Trump has suggested resettling most of the inhabitants of the Gaza Strip in Jordan and Egypt, where he said they could "live in peace for a change". Both countries immediately rejected the idea, while far-right circles in Israel have endorsed it. Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas warned against the repercussions of a mass displacement of the ruined coastal strip's inhabitants.

The initial six-week ceasefire between Israel and Hamas came into force on Sunday. The terrorist organisation handed over three Israeli hostages, with 95 reportedly still being held. On 7 October 2023, Hamas abducted around 250 hostages in total. As agreed, Israel released 90 Palestinian prisoners in exchange. Europe's commentators voice relief, but also scepticism.

A ceasefire between Israel and Hamas is to come into force in the Gaza Strip on Sunday. In the first of three phases, 33 Israeli hostages and hundreds of Palestinian prisoners are to be released in batches. Commentators discuss whether the agreement can bring lasting peace to the region.

There are growing signs that an agreement in the Gaza war is imminent. A draft agreement provides for the exchange of 33 Israeli hostages for around 1,000 Palestinian prisoners and a 42-day ceasefire, with Israel's army withdrawing from parts of the Gaza Strip. During this time further releases and a long-term ceasefire would be negotiated.