Anonymous witness statements have been admissible in Swedish courts since the beginning of the year. The new regulation which the conservative government - supported by the far-right Sweden Democrats - hopes will help to curb gang crime has been fiercely criticised by major institutions such as the country's Council on Legislation. Opinions also differ in the press.
Poland has taken over the EU Council presidency under the motto "Security, Europe!". For the next six months Warsaw will lead the Council meetings at which the governments of the EU member states prepare and make decisions together. Europe's press discusses the new presidency and compares it with the Hungarian one, which was highly contentious.
Estlink 2, a submarine power cable running between Finland and Estonia, was cut and other cables were damaged on Christmas Day. After departing from Russia, the oil tanker Eagle S was detained by the Finnish coast guard with a missing anchor and seven of its crew members are now under investigation. Europe's media see Moscow's 'shadow fleet' as an instrument of hybrid warfare – and call for tougher countermeasures.
Elon Musk, multibillionaire and future head of the US Department of Government Efficiency under US president-elect Donald Trump, has made an election appeal endorsing the right-wing populist AfD in an interview with Germany's Welt am Sonntag newspaper, triggering a wave of criticism aimed at both Musk and the paper. Early parliamentary elections are due to take place in Germany on February 23. European commentators are at odds over the op-ed.
Slovakian Prime Minister Robert Fico surprised both friends and foes with a visit to Moscow shortly before Christmas. His country is in a predicament because Ukraine is refusing to extend a deal allowing the transit of Russian gas via its territory to Slovakia for 2025. Following his visit to Putin, Fico said he would cut off Slovakian power supplies to Ukraine if it continued to refuse transit. He also offered his country as a venue for peace negotiations with Ukraine to Putin.
In its defensive war against the Russian invasion, Ukraine suffered a number of setbacks in 2024. Neither the Kursk offensive that began in August nor the long-awaited permission to use imported weapons to attack military targets in Russia have brought the breakthrough Kyiv had hoped for. The world is now nervously waiting to see whether Trump, as the future US president, can force the parties to negotiate - and what such negotiations might lead to.
Elon Musk, who has been appointed by President-elect Donald Trump to lead the future Department of Government Efficiency, is already exerting his influence: on his initiative Trump called on Republicans in Congress to vote against a budget compromise with the Democrats. A government shutdown was only narrowly averted. Commentators voice concern - also because Musk is increasingly active in Europe too.
The transit contract that regulates the supply of Russian natural gas through Ukraine expires on 1 January. Russia's state-owned company Gazprom uses this route to supply pro-Russian Transnistria with energy free of charge - but also to deliver gas to a large power plant in Tiraspol which then sells electricity in the Republic of Moldova. Both parts of the country have now declared a state of emergency.
On Monday the majority of the members of the German parliament withdrew its confidence in Chancellor Olaf Scholz, officially clearing the way for new elections on 23 February. Scholz will be running again as the top candidate of the SPD, but the leader of the opposition Friedrich Merz (CDU) is ahead in the polls. Europe's press takes stock.